ASA's Practical Test Standards for Commercial Pilot & Flight Instructor Helicopter combines Section 1 for Helicopter from both the Commercial Pilot Rotorocraft PTS (FAA-S-8081-16A, effective August 1, 2006) and the Certified Flight Instructor Rotorcraft PTS (FAA-S-8081-7B, effective December 1, 2006) into a single book for quick-reference. Practical Test Standards guides students, instructors, and FAA-designated examiners through Commercial Pilot & Flight Instructor Helicopter checkrides. Every Practical Test Standards details the skill and knowledge that must be demonstrated before an examiner can issue a certificate or rating to an applicant. Written by the FAA, these books list the knowledge and experience prerequisites, the levels of skill that must be demonstrated before an examiner can issue a certificate or rating to an applicant, and give the applicable background study and reference materials.